Updated 02/09/2014
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Historical Overview
Art & Music History

(I am still working on this page.  If you have a link you want to share, e-mail: robertahayes12@gmail.com)
Antiquity
Important art forms during this time: cave paintings, tomb paintings, sculpture, ceramics, pottery, architecture and the Greeks added mosaics and metal work

Lascaux Caves, France: 
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/lasc/hd_lasc.htm
http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/arcnat/lascaux/en/

Mycenaean Culture:  https://www.ancient.eu/Mycenaean_Civilization/

Votive Statues of Gudea:  https://megan235.wordpress.com/2011/10/05/the-votive-statue-of-godea-a-formal-analysis/

Egypt:  https://www.ancient.eu/Egyptian_Art/

Architecture:  http://www.ancient-egypt-online.com/ancient-egyptian-architecture.html

Giza:  https://study.com/academy/lesson/pyramids-of-giza-history-facts-location.htmlstudy.com/academy/lesson/pyramids-of-giza-history-facts-location.html

Skara Brae, Orkney Islands, Scotland: http://www.orkneyjar.com/history/skarabrae/

Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain, England 
http://www.stonepages.com/england/england.html
https://smarthistory.org/stonehenge/

Mesopotamia:  http://www.ancientmesopotamians.com/

Israel:
http://judaism.about.com/cs/israel/
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/israel-studies-an-anthology-art-in-israel

Persia:  https://study.com/academy/lesson/ancient-persian-art-and-architecture-history-style.html

Ishtar Gate, Babylon:  https://www.ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-asia/magnificent-ishtar-gate-babylon-001866

Greek  http://www.ancientgreece.com/

architecture:  http://lwww.historyforkids.net/ancient-greek-architecture.html

Etruscan art:  http://historytravelswithnancy.com/etruscans/etruscan-culture.htm

Roman Empire
http://www.historyrocket.com/roman-history/History-Of-Ancient-Roman-Art.html
http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/civhistory/
https://www.ducksters.com/history/art/ancient_roman_art.php

Byzantine Empire 
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/byzantium/
http://www.electronics-ee.com/Art/Art_History/Byzantine.htm
https://study.com/academy/lesson/byzantine-art-and-architecture.html

San Vatale, Ravenna, Italy (526-547):  https://www.european-traveler.com/italy/see-the-basilica-of-san-vitale-in-ravenna/

Sant' Apollinare, Classe, Italy (533-549):  https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/medieval-world/byzantine1/venice-ravenna/v/sant-apollinare-in-classe

Hagia Sophia, Istanbul (Constantonople), Turkey (532-537):  https://www.hagiasophia.com/

Medieval Music http://www.medieval.org/ 

Gregorian Chant 
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=gregorian+chant&view=detail&mid=ACEEA917CBEB4CF25C26ACEEA917CBEB4CF25C26&FORM=VIRE
http://www.medieval.org/emfaq/beginlst/medieval.htm

Guido of Arezzo http://www.stevenestrella.com/composers/index.html?composerfiles/guido1050.html
http://wally.rit.edu/cary/cc_db/manuscripts/antiphonal27.html

Liturgical Studies and Liturgical Music http://www.users.csbsju.edu/~eknuth/itr/ltgy/index.html

Hildegard of Bingen:  https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/med/hildegarde.asp

Mosaics http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10584a.htm

Illuminated Manuscripts:  https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/getty-museum/getty-manuscripts/a/what-is-an-illuminated-manuscript
http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/gilding.shtml

St. Peter's Basilica http://www.aviewoncities.com/rome/sanpietro.htm

madrigals and chansons 
http://web.uvic.ca/shakespeare/Library/SLTnoframes/literature/elizabethan.html
Romanesque 

Architecture http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/arch/romanesque_arch.html

Sculpture http://www.crsbi.ac.uk/

Durham Cathedral & Castle https://www.durhamcathedral.co.uk/

Tower of London, England  https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/

Pisa Cathedral (1063-1100) http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/pisa/pisacomplex.html

San Marco, Venice (1063-) http://www.venetia.it/s_piazza_eng.htm

Gothic
Notre Dame http://www.notredamecathedralparis.com/

Reims Cathedral:  https://frenchmoments.eu/reims-cathedral/

Giotto di Bondone:  http://www.giottodibondone.org/

Workshop of Nicholas of Verdun http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/sculpture/nicholas-of-verdun.htm

Early Renaissance http://www.learner.org/exhibits/renaissance/
School of Athens by Raphael http://un2sg4.unige.ch/athena/raphael/raf_ath4.html

Raphael Sanzio: http://www.raphaelpaintings.org/

Reformation http://history.hanover.edu/early/prot.html

Fresco Technique: https://www.traditionalbuilding.com/product-report/fresco-painting-techniques
https://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Fresco-Painting

Leonardo da Vinci:  https://www.biography.com/people/leonardo-da-vinci-40396

Mona Lisa's theft:  http://www.pbs.org/treasuresoftheworld/a_nav/mona_nav/main_monafrm.html

The Last Supper, da Vinci    
http://totallyhistory.com/the-last-supper/
http://mentalfloss.com/article/64372/15-things-you-should-know-about-last-supper

The Golden Mean:  https://www.goldennumber.net/art-composition-design/

Niccolo Donatello

Andrea Mantegna,  The Lamentation over the Dead Christ

Palestrina http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~tas3/palestrina.html

Naturalism

Sandro Botticelli http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/bio/b/botticel/biograph.html

Durer http://www.boglewood.com/cornaro/xdurer.html

Rembrandt http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/rembrandt/

Rubens

Jan van Eyck

Martin Luther http://www.luther.de/en/

Baroque

Shakespeare:
https://www.biography.com/people/william-shakespeare-9480323
http://shakespeare.mit.edu/
https://www.osfashland.org/

Caravaggio

Michelangelo

J.S.Bach http://www.jsbach.org/

Benozzo Gozzoli The Journey of the Magi:   http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/bio/g/gozzoli/biograph.html

Josquin Desprez

Diego Velasquez, Las Meninas http://www.cyberspain.com/passion/velazq.htm

Vivaldi

ABA Form (Ternary Form)

Handel

Couperin http://www.baroquemusic.org/bqxcoup.html

Rococo http://www.arthistory.net/eras/rococo.html

Fra Angelico http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/angelico/

Brueghel the Elder 
http://www.artchive.com/artchive/B/bruegel.html
 http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/bruegel_the_elder_pieter.html

Brueghel the Younger http://www.abcgallery.com/B/bruegel/pieter.html

Titian http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/titian/

Tallis http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/tallis.html

Lassus

Thomas Weelkes http://www.hoasm.org/IVM/Weelkes.html

Gabrieli

William Byrd http://www.midiworld.com/mw_byrd.htm

El Greco http://www.spanisharts.com/prado/greco.htm

Falconet

Bernini http://www.kfki.hu/~arthp/bio/b/bernini/gianlore/biograph.html

Sir Christopher Wren

Corelli

Scarlatti 
http://www.midiworld.com/scarlatti.htm
http://www.scarlattiproject.com/

Classical Era 
https://www.allmusic.com/blog/post/the-classical-era-3
https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/periods-genres/classical/classical-music-beginners-guide/
http://cmed.faculty.ku.edu/private/classical.html

Age of Revolutions
Napoleon http://www.pbs.org/empires/napoleon/

Jacques-Louis David http://www.artchive.com/artchive/D/david.html

Beethoven

NeoClassical Art
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/neo-classical.htm
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-arthistory/chapter/neoclassicism/
https://www.identifythisart.com/art-movements-styles/pre-modern-art/neoclassical-art-movement/

Romantic Era

Charles Dickins

Joseph Mallord William Turner 

Eugene Delacroix http://www.artchive.com/artchive/D/delacroix.html

Millet http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/millet/

Goya http://www.cyberspain.com/passion/goya.htm

Mozart

Tchaikovsky 

Gustav Charpentier:  http://www.stevenestrella.com/composers/composerfiles/charpentier1956.html

Impressionism 
http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/glo/impressionism/
http://www.impressionism.org/
https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-editorial-monet-impressionists-paved-way-modern-art

Renoir:  http://www.artchive.com/artchive/R/renoir.html

Paul Cezanne http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/cezanne/

Seurat 

Post-Impressionism 

Gauguin

C.P.E. Bach

Haydn

Claude Monet:  http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/monet/

Vincent Van Gogh 
http://www.vggallery.com
http://www.vangoghmuseum.nl/

Claude Debussy

Age of Liberalism http://www.timelines.info/history/ages_and_periods/the_age_of_liberalism/

Canova

Benjamin West http://www.artchive.com/artchive/W/west/death_of_wolfe.jpg.html

Gericault

James Abbott McNeill Whistler: http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/whistler/

Honore Daumier http://www.cosmopolis.ch/english/cosmo6/honore.htm

Schubert

Johannes Brahms http://www.johannesbrahms.org/

Chopin

Hector Berlioz http://www.hberlioz.com/

Schumann

Wagner http://users.utu.fi/hansalmi/wagner.html

Smetana

Ravel

20th Century
Age of World Wars


Sigmund Freud http://www.freud.org.uk/

Modern Art http://the-artists.org/
Photography:
Dorthea Lange: Migrant Mother and the rest of the story:  https://www.thephoblographer.com/2017/08/16/gripping-story-dorothea-langes-migrant-mother/

Ansel Adams  http://anseladams.com/

Frank Lloyd Wright
http://www.pbs.org/flw/
http://www.franklloydwright.org/

Diego Rivera http://www.diegorivera.com/index.php

Igor Stravinsky 

The Cold War
http://www.coldwar.org/
http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/coldwar.htm

Surrealism
People who shaped Surrealist Art:  https://www.truepeoplesearch.com/find/content-people-who-shaped-surrealist-art
Cubism https://www.theartstory.org/movement-cubism.htm

Pablo Picasso: http://the-artists.org/artist/pablo-picasso
Futurism 
Duchamp

Surrealism http://www.artcyclopedia.com/history/surrealism.html
*Salvador Dali http://www.salvadordalimuseum.org/cgi-bin/SoftCart.exe/index.html?E+dali
Abstract Art http://www.abstractart.20m.com/ 
*Jackson Pollock http://www.artchive.com/artchive/P/pollock.html
Pop Art http://www.cosmopolis.ch/english/cosmo12/popart.htm 
*Andy Warhol http://www.warhol.org/
*Leonard Bernstein http://www.leonardbernstein.com/
*R. Strauss http://people.unt.edu/~dmeek/rstrauss.html
*Edvard Munch http://www.museumsnett.no/nasjonalgalleriet/munch/eng/innhold/ngm00939.html
*Christo Javachef http://www.fi.muni.cz/~toms/PopArt/Biographies/christo.html
*Georgia O'Keeffe http://www.okeeffemuseum.org/indexflash.php
*Henri Matisse http://www.artchive.com/artchive/M/matisse.html
*Wassily Kandinsky http://glyphs.com/art/kandinsky/
Paul Klee http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/klee/
Marc Chagall 
http://www.mcs.csuhayward.edu/~malek/Chagal.html
http://www.rollins.edu/Foreign_Lang/Russian/chagall.html
Piet Mondrian http://www.artchive.com/artchive/M/mondrian.html
*Calder http://www.calder.org/
*Schoenberg http://www.schoenberg.at/default_e.htm
*Bartok http://w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de/cmp/bartok.html
*John Cage  http://newalbion.com/artists/cagej/
*Anton Webern http://www.antonwebern.com/
*Vaughan Williams http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/vaughanwilliams.html
John Williams http://www.johnwilliams.org/
Constantin Brancusi (sculpture) http://www.artchive.com/artchive/B/brancusi.html
*Aaron Copland 
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/achtml/achome.html
http://www.classical.net/music/comp.lst/copland.html
*Philip Glass http://www.dunvagen.com/
Art history http://www.ucfv.bc.ca/library/arthis.htm and http://www.uncg.edu/rom/courses/dafein/civ/art.htm
Music History http://www.wordiq.com/cgi-bin/knowledge/lookup.cgi?title=Music_history and http://www.classicalarchives.com/
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